A Coordinated Research Plan for Estuarine and Ocean Research on Pacific Salmon
نویسندگان
چکیده
The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) is charged with restoring and protecting anadromous Pacific salmon stocks in all habitats of U.S. waters, including their period of residence in estuarine and oceanic waters. Recent studies have implicated the estuarine and coastal phase of the salmon life cycle as being of equal importance to the freshwater phase in determining production. Evaluation of the freshwater phase of salmon has yielded a better understanding of the factors limiting production in this environment; however, a comparable understanding in the marine environment is lacking. Currently, some marine salmon research is being conducted at various NMFS labs on the West Coast, but there has been little attempt to coordinate activities among the different regions. In response, we propose a comprehensive plan to address ocean and estuarine survival of salmon by identifying research needs and suggesting ways to meet these needs. We recommend that NMFS research focus on (1) distribution and movement patterns of salmon in marine waters, (2) health and condition of hatchery and wild salmon, (3) trophic dynamics of salmon, and (4) largescale effects of the atmosphere and ocean. Richard D. Brodeur is a research fishery biologist and William T. Peterson is an oceanographer at the Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Newport, OR 97365; [email protected]. Brodeur worked on this article while employed by the Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, WA 98195. George W. Boehlert is an oceanographer at the Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Pacific Grove, CA 93950. Ed Casillas and Michael H. Schiewe are research fishery biologists at the Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, WA 98112. Maxwell B. Eldridge is a research fishery biologist and Steven T. Lindley is an ecologist at the Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Tiburon, CA 94920. John H. Helle and William R. Heard are research fishery biologists at the Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Auke Bay, AK 99801. May 2000 Fisheries ◆ 7 Introduction
منابع مشابه
The Bering-Aleutian Salmon International Survey (BASIS)
The fisheries oceanography survey of the Bering Sea, known as BASIS, is made possible by the international treaty that led to the organization of the North Pacific Anadromous Fish Commission (NPAFC). The NPAFC was established under the Convention for the Conservation of Anadromous Stocks in the North Pacific Ocean effective February 1993 and includes Canada, Japan, Republic of Korea, the Russia...
متن کاملU.s. Globec News9
1 Climate Change and Carrying Capacity 4 Integrated Assessment—Pacific Northwest 6 Southern Ocean Work Begins 8 U.S. GLOBEC Calendar 9 GLOBEC Activities in ICES 10 GLOBEC—International Whaling Commission 13 International Benguela Symposium 19 Scenes from U.S. GLOBEC Georges Bank Meeting U.S. GLOBEC recently convened a workshop to discuss a future research program on Climate Change and the Carry...
متن کاملTrends in Abundance and Biological Characteristics of Chum Salmon
Chum salmon are the second most abundant salmon in the North Pacific Ocean. In the 1930s, chum salmon were abundant along the Russian coast and in British Columbia. The total catch of chum salmon was small from the late 1940s into the 1970s but increased in the 1980s, reaching historically high levels from the 1990s to the present. Ocean distribution of chum salmon is affected by sea surface te...
متن کاملNew year's message from the President.
Ocean are being unraveled by NPAFC scientists. As difficult as this effort is, rapid changes in the climate in the North Pacific Ocean are making it even more challenging. These changes have great impacts on the migration and productivity of the salmon stocks. The warming of the Arctic Ocean has raised questions about colonization of the Arctic by North Pacific and Bering Sea salmon stocks. The...
متن کاملThe Role of Pacific Salmon in the Trophic Structure of the Upper Epipelagic Layer of the Western Bering Sea during Summer-Autumn 2002–2006
Pacific salmon are among the dominant fish in the epipelagic layer of the subarctic Pacific Ocean and are considered the principle consumers of forage resources. In recent years (1990s and 2000s) most Pacific salmon stocks have increased two-fold in abundance. Many researchers consider that such high abundance may increase interspecific competition for food and influence density-dependent facto...
متن کامل